Back فرانسيسكو خافيير دى بالميس ARZ Francesc Xavier Balmis i Berenguer Catalan Francisco Javier de Balmis German Francisco Javier Balmis Spanish Francisco Javier Balmis Basque Francisco Javier Balmis French Francisco Xavier Balmis Galician Francisco Javier de Balmis ID Бальмис, Франсиско Хавьер де Russian
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Francisco Javier de Balmis | |
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| Born | 2 December 1753 Alicante |
| Died | 12 February 1819 (aged 65) Madrid |
| Occupation | Physician, botanist |
Francisco Javier de Balmis (2 December 1753 – 12 February 1819) was a Spanish physician best known for leading an 1803 expedition to Spanish America and the Philippines to vaccinate populations against smallpox.[1] His expedition is considered the first international vaccination campaign in history and one of the most important events in the history of medicine.[2] It inspired recent vaccination efforts such as that of Carlos Canseco, president of Rotary International, to start the worldwide program PolioPlus[3] to eradicate polio.[4][5]
- ^ Smith, Michael M (1970). "The 'Real Expedición Marítima de la Vacuna' in New Spain and Guatemala". Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. New Series. 64 (1): 1–74.
- ^ "Exhibition tells story of Spanish children used as vaccine fridges in 1803". the Guardian. 27 July 2021. Retrieved 27 July 2021.
- ^ "Home | End Polio". www.endpolio.org (in Spanish). Retrieved 28 July 2021.
- ^ "Home | End Polio". www.endpolio.org (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 November 2020.
- ^ "Francisco Javier Balmis (1753-1819) – Rotary Club Alicante" (in Spanish). Retrieved 30 November 2020.