Back تاريخ مرض الإيدز Arabic ائیدز تاریخی AZB এইচআইভি/এইডসের ইতিহাস Bengali/Bangla Historia del VIH/sida Spanish تاریخچه ایدز Persian Origine du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine French Storia della pandemia di AIDS Italian HIV/AIDS의 역사 Korean എച്ച്.ഐ.വി./എയ്ഡ്സിന്റെ ചരിത്രം Malayalam ايچ ای وي يا ايډز (HIV/AIDS) تاریخچه Pashto/Pushto
AIDS is caused by a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), which originated in non-human primates in Central and West Africa. While various sub-groups of the virus acquired human infectivity at different times, the present pandemic had its origins in the emergence of one specific strain – HIV-1 subgroup M – in Léopoldville in the Belgian Congo (now Kinshasa in the Democratic Republic of the Congo) in the 1920s.[1]
There are two types of HIV: HIV-1 and HIV-2. HIV-1 is more virulent, more easily transmitted, and the cause of the vast majority of HIV infections globally.[2] The pandemic strain of HIV-1 is closely related to a virus found in chimpanzees of the subspecies Pan troglodytes troglodytes, which live in the forests of the Central African nations of Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, the Republic of the Congo, and the Central African Republic. HIV-2 is less transmissible and is largely confined to West Africa, along with its closest relative, a virus of the sooty mangabey (Cercocebus atys atys), an Old World monkey inhabiting southern Senegal, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, and western Ivory Coast.[2][3]
- ^ Gallagher, James (2 October 2014). "Aids: Origin of pandemic 'was 1920s Kinshasa'". BBC. Archived from the original on 6 June 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2018.
- ^ a b Reeves JD, Doms RW (2002). "Human immunodeficiency virus type 2". The Journal of General Virology. 83 (Pt 6): 1253–65. doi:10.1099/0022-1317-83-6-1253. PMID 12029140.
- ^ Santiago ML, Range F, Keele BF, Li Y, Bailes E, Bibollet-Ruche F, Fruteau C, Noë R, Peeters M, Brookfield JF, Shaw GM, Sharp PM, Hahn BH (2005). "Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Free-Ranging Sooty Mangabeys (Cercocebus atys atys) from the Tai Forest, Cote d'Ivoire: Implications for the Origin of Epidemic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2". Journal of Virology. 79 (19): 12515–27. doi:10.1128/JVI.79.19.12515-12527.2005. PMC 1211554. PMID 16160179.