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Personal U.S. Senator from Delaware 47th Vice President of the United States Vice presidential campaigns 46th President of the United States Incumbent Tenure   |
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This is a comprehensive list of all Article III and Article IV United States federal judges appointed by President Joe Biden, as well as a partial list of Article I federal judicial appointments, excluding appointments to the District of Columbia judiciary.[1]
As of January 2, 2025[update], the United States Senate has confirmed 235 Article III judges nominated by Biden: one associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, 45 judges for the United States courts of appeals, 187 judges for the United States district courts and two judges for the United States Court of International Trade. There are no nominations awaiting Senate action. There are two vacancies on the U.S. courts of appeals and 37 vacancies on the U.S. district courts,[2][3] as well as three announced vacancies that may occur before the end of Biden's term (two for the courts of appeals and one for district courts).[Note 1][4] Biden has not made any recess appointments to the federal courts.
Biden had the most Article III judicial nominees confirmed during a president's first year in office since Ronald Reagan in 1981.[5] Biden appointed the most federal judges during the first two years of any presidency since John F. Kennedy.[6] Biden reached the milestone of 200 federal judicial confirmations on May 22, 2024. This rate of judicial confirmations exceeded the pace of Donald Trump in his first term.[7]
Regarding Article I courts, as of November 14, 2024[update], the Senate has confirmed 17 judges nominated by Biden: five to the United States Court of Federal Claims, five to the United States Court of Military Commission Review, one to the United States Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces and six to the United States Tax Court. On March 2, 2021, Biden designated Elaine D. Kaplan as Chief Judge of the Court of Federal Claims.[8]
Regarding Article IV territorial courts, as of April 16, 2024[update], there are two judges serving expired terms. The Senate has confirmed one Article IV judge nominated by Biden.
- ^ All information on the names, terms of service, and details of appointment of federal judges is derived from the Biographical Directory of Federal Judges, a public-domain publication of the Federal Judicial Center.
- ^ Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts. "Judicial Vacancies". Retrieved February 15, 2024.
- ^ Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts. "Current Vacancies". Retrieved February 15, 2024.
- ^ Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts. "Future Vacancies". Retrieved February 15, 2024.
- ^ Edmondson, Catie (December 18, 2021). "Senate Confirms Biden's 40th Judge, Tying a Reagan-Era Record". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 19, 2021. Retrieved December 19, 2021.
- ^ Gramlich, John. "Biden has appointed more federal judges than any president since JFK at this point in his tenure". Pew Research Center. Archived from the original on April 4, 2023. Retrieved February 10, 2023.
- ^ Raymond, Nate (May 22, 2024). "Biden passes 200th judicial confirmation milestone as election looms". Reuters. Retrieved May 23, 2024.
- ^ "President Biden designates Elaine D. Kaplan as Chief Judge of the United States Court of Federal Claims". www.uscfc.uscourts.gov. March 2, 2021. Archived from the original on October 9, 2021. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
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