Scapanorhynchus

Scapanorhynchus
Temporal range: Aptian to Maastrichtian[1][2]
Complete fossil of Scapanorhynchus lewisii from Sahel Alma, Lebanon
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Subclass: Elasmobranchii
Order: Lamniformes
Family: Mitsukurinidae
Genus: Scapanorhynchus
Woodward, 1889
Type species
Scapanorhynchus lewisii
Davis, 1887
Species
  • Scapanorhynchus lewisii (Davis, 1887)
  • Scapanorhynchus texanus (Romer, 1849)
  • Scapanorhynchus rapax (Quaas, 1902)
  • Scapanorhynchus raphiodon (Agassiz, 1843)
Scapanorhynchus texanus, Menuha Formation (Upper Cretaceous), southern Israel.
Near-complete fossil of S. lewisii, under special lighting

Scapanorhynchus (from Greek: σκάφιου scaphion, 'shovel' and Greek: ῥύγχος rhynchos 'snout')[3] is an extinct genus of goblin shark that lived during the Cretaceous period, from the Aptian to the end of the Maastrichtian.[1][2] Later records, such as those from the Miocene assigned to the species S. subulatus, are highly dubious and may be misidentified sand sharks.[2][4][5]

It was the first goblin shark to be described, with the type species (S. lewisii) being described nearly 10 years before the living goblin shark (Mitsukurina).

  1. ^ a b Hamm, Shawn A.; Shimada, Kenshu (2002). "Associated Tooth Set of the Late Cretaceous Lamniform Shark, Scapanorhynchus raphiodon (Mitsukurinidae), from the Niobrara Chalk of Western Kansas". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 105 (1/2): 18–26. ISSN 0022-8443.
  2. ^ a b c Kriwet, Jürgen; Benton, Michael J. (2004-11-18). "Neoselachian (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii) diversity across the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary". Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. Mesozoic-Cenozoic Bioevents. 214 (3): 181–194. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.02.049. ISSN 0031-0182.
  3. ^ Lineaweaver, Thomas H. (1973). The natural history of sharks. Garden City, N.Y. : Anchor Natural History Books. p. 220. ISBN 978-0-385-02539-3.
  4. ^ Capetta, H., Chondrichthyes II, Mesozoic and Cenozoic Elasmobranchii, vol. 3B of Handbook of Paleoichthyology, Stuttgart, New York: Gustav Fischer Verlag, 1987.
  5. ^ Glickman, L. S., and A. O. Averianov. "Evolution of the Cretaceous Lamnoid sharks of the genus Eostriatolamia." PALEONTOLOGICAL JOURNAL C/C OF PALEONTOLOGICHESKII ZHURNAL 32 (1998): 376-384. [1]

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