Back معركة القصير (2013) Arabic Segunda batalla de Al Quseir Spanish Bataille de Qousseir (2013) French Yaƙin Al-Qusayr na Biyu Hausa Battaglia di Qusayr Italian Друга битва за Ель-Кусейр Ukrainian 第二次古賽爾戰鬥 Chinese

Second Battle of al-Qusayr

Second Battle of al-Qusayr
Part of the Syrian civil war and the Al-Qusayr offensive
Date19 May – 5 June 2013
(2 weeks and 3 days)
Location
Al-Qusayr and its district, Syria
Result Decisive Syrian Army & Hezbollah victory[3]
Belligerents

Free Syrian Army
Syrian Islamic Liberation Front
Syrian Islamic Front

Al-Nusra Front

Syria Syrian Arab Republic

 Hezbollah
Commanders and leaders
Lt. Col. Mohieddin al-Zain
(al-Qusayr military council)[4]
Abu Omar †[citation needed]
(top Al-Nusra Front commander)
Abdul Qader Saleh (WIA)
(Al-Tawhid Brigade commander)[5]
Mahmoud Mohammed Ammar †[6]
(Al Mughaouirs Brigade commander)
Bilal Idris †[citation needed]
(Farouq Battalion commander)
Nawaf Alwani †[7]
(Al Nusra Front commander)
Bakr Saleh Mustapha †[8]
(Kassioune Brigade commander)
Abul-Baraa
(al-Nusra front 'Emir')[4]		 Abu Jihad
(Hezbollah commander)[9]
Fadi al-Jazar †
(Hezbollah commander)[10] Mustafa Badreddine
Units involved
15 rebel units[11] 1st Armoured Division
10th Mechanised Division
Unit 910 (Hezbollah)
Strength
1,900 fighters[12] 5,000–6,000 soldiers[13]
1,700[14]–2,000[13] Hezbollah fighters
Casualties and losses
430>ref name="unofficial">"Syria: Qusayr Battle's Unofficial Story". 7 June 2013. Archived from the original on 9 June 2013. Retrieved 7 June 2013.</ref>–500+ killed [12] killed, 1,000 wounded[12] (opposition claim)
1,257 killed, 1,192 wounded, 1,000 captured (government claim)[15]		 110-120 Hezbollah fighters,[16] 23 soldiers and militiamen[17][18] and 8 Iranian officers killed,[19] 200 Hezbollah fighters wounded[20]
47 civilians killed[21] and 500 wounded[22][23]

The second of two battles in al-Qusayr started on 19 May 2013, as part of the larger al-Qusayr offensive, launched in early April 2013 by the Syrian Army and the Lebanese militia Hezbollah, during the Syrian civil war,[24] with the aim of capturing the villages around the rebel-held town of al-Qusayr and ultimately launching an attack on the town itself.[25] The region was strategically important as a supply route for rebels fighting Syrian government forces in Homs[26] and also for the Syrian government, as it lies between the capital, Damascus, and the Syrian coast, a stronghold for Assad supporters.[27]

Prior to the offensive, the Syrian Air Force dropped leaflets over the town warning that government forces were going to attack the city. This led to thousands of civilians fleeing,[28] though 25,000 residents stayed.[14] Free Syrian Army (FSA) General Salim Idris warned of a "massacre" if the Syrian Army and Hezbollah were to take the town.[29]

During the final days of the battle Hezbollah forces and rebels negotiated a withdrawal plan, in which the rebels and civilians could evacuate the town through a narrow corridor without being attacked.[30] On 5 June, after two weeks of fighting, the Syrian Army and Hezbollah regained control of al-Qusayr as the last rebel contingents retreated.[31] One observer described the battle as the "defining battle of the country's civil war."[32]

  1. ^ "Syria: National Defense Forces at Forefront of Qusayr Fighting". Archived from the original on 27 May 2016. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  2. ^ "The Counter-Insurgency Role of Syria's "Popular Committees"". Fair Observer. 10 May 2013. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
  3. ^ "Syrian army retakes key town of Qusair from rebels". BBC News. 5 June 2013. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  4. ^ a b "Syria: Opposition's Booby Trap Blueprint for Qusayr". Archived from the original on 9 June 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
  5. ^ Spencer, Richard (9 June 2013). "Syria: Assad forces massing for major assault on Aleppo". Telegraph.co.uk. London. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  6. ^ "Mahmoud Muhammad Ammar the rebel commander of al-Maghawer battalion of "Free Army" was killed by clashes with Syrian Army in al-Qusair city of Homs countryside". Archived from the original on 25 October 2014. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  7. ^ "Al-Qusayr Battle Continues, Syrian Army in Control". Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  8. ^ "برومو الشهيد القائد الملازم اول بكر صالح المصطفى - ابو صالح". YouTube. 23 May 2013. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  9. ^ The Wave from Syria: Flow of Refugees Destabilizes Lebanon Der Spiegel, 2 October 2013
  10. ^ Cite error: The named reference senior was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  11. ^ Rowell, Alex (20 May 2013). "Qusayr resisting all-out attack". NOW Lebanon. Archived from the original on 28 July 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2013.
  12. ^ a b c "Syrian rebels lose strategic town in boost for Assad". Reuters. 5 June 2013. Archived from the original on 6 June 2013. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
  13. ^ a b "The Qusayr Rules: The Syrian Regime's Changing Way of War". 31 May 2013.
  14. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference bolster was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  15. ^ إدارة التحرير. "خاص: 1257 قتيلاً و1192 جريحاً ونحو 1000 أسير 63% منهم غرباء حصيلة خسائر المسلحين بالقصير". alhadathnews. Archived from the original on 9 October 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  16. ^ "Hezbollah Operatives Killed in Syria – Update". terrorism-info. 27 June 2013. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  17. ^ Cite error: The named reference qoussair was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  18. ^ Cite error: The named reference killingandwounding was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  19. ^ Dexter Filkins (30 September 2013). "The Shadow Commander". The New Yorker. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  20. ^ Sapa-dpa. "Hezbollah losses laid bare after victory in Syrian town". TimesLIVE. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  21. ^ 8 killed (19–21 May),[1] 4 killed (25 May),[2] 3 killed (27 May),[3] 2 killed (28 May),[4] 4 killed (30 May),[5] 20 killed (29 May–3 June),[6][permanent dead link‍] 2 killed (31 May),[7] 1 killed (1 June),[8] 1 killed (2 June),[9] total of 47 reported killed
  22. ^ 1,500 rebels and civilians were wounded in the battle
  23. ^ "Syrian rebels lose strategic town in boost for Assad". Reuters. Archived from the original on 2013-06-06.
  24. ^ "Sorry, we can't seem to find the page you're looking for". 21 April 2013. Archived from the original on 22 April 2013. Retrieved 14 July 2016 – via washingtonpost.com.
  25. ^ "Activists: Syrian regime provides Hezbollah aerial shield in Qusayr". 21 April 2013. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  26. ^ "Syria fighting flares both sides of Lebanese border". Reuters. 21 April 2013. Archived from the original on 22 October 2014. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  27. ^ "The Qusayr Rules: The Syrian Regime's Changing Way of War". Washington Institute. Retrieved 2013-06-05.
  28. ^ "Syrian rebels plead for help as army bombards strategic Qusair". Reuters. 30 May 2013. Archived from the original on 6 October 2015. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  29. ^ "Hezbollah fighters 'invading' Syria - rebel chief". BBC News. 29 May 2013. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
  30. ^ "SYRIA UPDATE: THE FALL OF AL-QUSAYR". Institute for the Study of War. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
  31. ^ "Syrian army retakes key town of Qusair from rebels". BBC. 5 June 2013. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
  32. ^ "Russia is teaching Hezbollah some terrifying new tricks". The Week. 27 January 2016. Retrieved 14 July 2016.
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