Wilhelm Ostwald

Wilhelm Ostwald
Wilhelm Ostwald
	Photograph of Ostwald c. 1913
Born	Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald; 2 September [O.S. 21 August] 1853; Riga, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire
Died	4 April 1932 (aged 78); Großbothen, Saxony, Weimar Republic
Alma mater	University of Dorpat
Known for	See list Founding of physical chemistry; Ostwald coefficient; Ostwald color system; Ostwald dilution law; Ostwald process; Ostwald ripening; Ostwald's rule; Ostwald viscometer; Ostwald–Freundlich equation; Ostwald–Folin pipette; Ostwald–de Waele relationship; Ostwald–Liesegang rings; Catalysis; Colligative properties; Energeticism; HSL and HSV; Coining the term mole; ;
Awards	Faraday Lectureship Prize (1904); Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1909); Wilhelm Exner Medal (1923);
	Scientific career
Fields	Chemistry
Institutions	University of Dorpat; Riga Polytechnical Institution; Leipzig University;
Doctoral students	Arthur Amos Noyes; Georg Bredig; Paul Walden; Frederick G. Donnan; Louis Albrecht Kahlenberg; James Walker; Willis Rodney Whitney;

Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald (German: [ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈɔstˌvalt] ^ⓘ; 2 September [O.S. 21 August] 1853 – 4 April 1932) was a German chemist and philosopher. Ostwald is credited with being one of the founders of the field of physical chemistry, with Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Walther Nernst and Svante Arrhenius.^[1] He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1909 for his scientific contributions to the fields of catalysis, chemical equilibria and reaction velocities.^[2]

Following his 1906 retirement from academic life, Ostwald became much involved in philosophy, art, and politics. He made significant contributions to each of these fields.^[3] He has been described as a polymath.^[4]

^ "Svante August Arrhenius". sciencehistory.org. Science History Institute. June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2020.
^ "Wilhelm Ostwald Biographical". nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB. Retrieved 17 June 2020.
^ Kim, Mi Gyung (2006). "Wilhelm Ostwald (1853–1932)". International Journal for Philosophy of Chemistry. 12 (1): 141. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
^ Cite error: The named reference Ostwald Park was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

[Arrhenius_SHI-1] "Svante August Arrhenius". sciencehistory.org. Science History Institute. June 2016. Retrieved 17 June 2020.

[Nobel-2] "Wilhelm Ostwald Biographical". nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB. Retrieved 17 June 2020.

[Kim-3] Kim, Mi Gyung (2006). "Wilhelm Ostwald (1853–1932)". International Journal for Philosophy of Chemistry. 12 (1): 141. Retrieved 8 August 2020.

[Ostwald_Park-4] Cite error: The named reference Ostwald Park was invoked but never defined (see the help page).

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Wilhelm Ostwald
Photograph of Ostwald c. 1913
Born	Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald 2 September [O.S. 21 August] 1853 Riga, Governorate of Livonia, Russian Empire
Died	4 April 1932(1932-04-04) (aged 78) Großbothen, Saxony, Weimar Republic
Alma mater	University of Dorpat
Known for	See list Founding of physical chemistry Ostwald coefficient Ostwald color system Ostwald dilution law Ostwald process Ostwald ripening Ostwald's rule Ostwald viscometer Ostwald–Freundlich equation Ostwald–Folin pipette Ostwald–de Waele relationship Ostwald–Liesegang rings Catalysis Colligative properties Energeticism HSL and HSV Coining the term mole
Awards	Faraday Lectureship Prize (1904) Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1909) Wilhelm Exner Medal (1923)
Scientific career
Fields	Chemistry
Institutions	University of Dorpat Riga Polytechnical Institution Leipzig University
Doctoral students	Arthur Amos Noyes Georg Bredig Paul Walden Frederick G. Donnan Louis Albrecht Kahlenberg James Walker Willis Rodney Whitney

Wilhelm Ostwald

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